| Title | NEJEDNAKOST RASPODJELE DOHOTKA I BOGATSTVA U DRUŠTVU |
| Author | Ana Brlas |
| Mentor(s) | Neven Garača (thesis advisor)
|
| Abstract | Cilj završnog rada je objasniti problem neravnomjerne raspodjele dohotka i bogatstva u društvu. Nejdnakost dohotka mjeri se pomoću Lorenzove krivulje i Gini koeficijenta. Lorenzova krivulja najčešće se upotrebljava za analizu jednakosti ili nejednakosti razdiobe novčanog dohotka stanovništva neke zemlje. Gini koeficijent također je jedan od pokazatelja nejednakosti a u Hrvatskoj se dosad koristio za praćenje dohodovne nejednakosti i on kod nas iznosi 30 %. Dobiveni rezultzat nas smješta u skupinu zemalja kod kojih nejednakost u dohocima nisu jako izražene. Osim toga u radu se govori o borbi protiv siromaštva te o djelovanju države s ciljem smanjenja siromaštva. Tržište djeluje na raslojavanje stanovnistva, a razlog tomu je što se dohodak ne dijeli prema potrebama nego prema količini i prizvodnosti faktora proizvodnje. Nositelji ekonomske politike, odnosno država može na razne načine utjecati na smanjivanje nejednakosti u raspodjeli dohotka, odnosno na smanjivanje siromaštva u državi. Jedan od načina borbe na gornjim razinama dohotka koje se ostvaruje korištenjem progresivnih poreza na prihod i bogatstvo, dok se povećanje raspodjele na nižim razinama ostvaruje direktnim državnim transferima i javnim pružanjem robe i usluga. Analizirajući svjetsko gospodarstvo u svakom od njih mogu se pronaći različiti državni programi koji su namjenjeni socijalno ugroženim kategorijama stvanovništva čime oni iskazuju spremnost djelovanja u rješavanju problema nejednakosti, stoga je nužna ravnoteža između djelotvornosti i jednakosti. Nije potrebno osmišljavati nove zakone niti mijenjati organizacijske strukture, nego treba poboljšati poštovanje postojećih zakona. Za ostvarivanje vladavine zakona presudni su politička volja i odlučnost vodstva, a jednako je važno osnažiti građane, pogotovo siromašnije da sudjeluju u političkim procesima. Dokle god se to ne postigne, bogati će i dalje biti sve bogatiji, a siromašni sve siromašniji. |
| Keywords | inequality of income Lorenz's curve Gini coefficient efficiency and equality |
| Parallel title (English) | UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME AND WEALTH
IN SOCIETY |
| Granter | Virovitica College |
| Place | Virovitica |
| State | Croatia |
| Scientific field, discipline, subdiscipline | SOCIAL SCIENCES
Economics
|
| Study programme type | professional |
| Study level | undergraduate |
| Study programme | Entrepreneurship; specializations in: Entrepreneurship of Services, Rural Entrepreneurship |
| Study specialization | Entrepreneurship of Services |
| Academic title abbreviation | bacc.oec. |
| Genre | undergraduate thesis |
| Language | Croatian |
| Defense date | 2017-09-19 |
| Parallel abstract (English) | The aim of this final thesis is to explain the problem of unequal distribution of income and wealth in society. The unequal distribution is measured by the Lorenz's curve and Gini coefficient. Lorenz's curve is usually used for analysis of the equal or unequal distribution of income among the population of a country. Gini coefficient is also one of the indicators of inequality which was used in Croatia for observation of income inequality and it is around 30%. Therefore, Croatia belongs to the group of countries where income inequality is low. Furthermore, this final thesis also explains the fight against poverty and government's actions for decreasing poverty. The market has an impact on stratification of society because income is not divided according to the needs but on quantity and productivity of production factors. A government can have a large influence on reducing inequality in the distribution of income, in other words, the government can reduce poverty. On one side, progressive income and wealth tax is used to fight the upper-income level. On the other side, state transfers and public offering of goods and services is used to increase distribution on the lower level of income. When analyzing the global economy, in each of them can be found different government programs aimed to socially endangered categories of population, in that way they show their willingness to solve the problem of inequality, therefore a balance between effectiveness and equality is needed. It is not necessary to create new laws or to change organizational structures, but to improve respect for current laws. To achieve the rule of law, the political will and determination of leadership are crucial. Also, it is equally important to empower citizens, especially the poorer, to participate in political processes.Until it is not achieved, the rich will continue to become richer and the poor will continue to be poorer. |
| Parallel keywords (Croatian) | nejednakost dohotka Lorenzova krivulja Gini koeficijent djelotvornost i jednakost |
| Resource type | text |
| Access condition | Access restricted to students and staff of home institution |
| Terms of use |  |
| URN:NBN | https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:165:657590 |
